The Space of an Image Existence. What do the Internet the Ancient City and the Medieval Temple Have in Common?
https://doi.org/10.32603/2412-8562-2020-6-5-5-15
Abstract
Introduction. The article discusses various historical examples of symbolic spaces – spaces of the existence of an image – to consider how representation systems are arranged in them and how they set the tone for the complex process of creating an image of a person. The author does not consider the image as a conscious construct, which is completely dependent on this external system, but supposes that it is important to research it for a deeper understanding of the modern version of symbolic space and all complex and interrelated processes in it. Thus, the article provides theoretical grounds for a legitimate comparison of practices of the Internet and social media representation with the practices of the past which unfolded in specific, semiotic toposes: Egyptian murals in tombs, the ancient city, a medieval temple, and a European text of the Modernity.
Methodology and sources. The theoretical basis of this research is on the contact of a number of approaches to the analysis of the image and image systems: representationst, phenomenological, philosophical-anthropological, (post)structuralist. The author uses works in historical, cultural and art studies in the respective eras as soursces of information on individual spaces of representation of the past (B. Manley, M. Bird, D. Yu. Dorofeev, V. Svetlov, S. Zotov, M. Maizuls, M. Foucault and others). The author relies on detailed descriptions of public spaces, identifies and compares their characteristic features.
Results and discussion. Having examined the main features of a number of symbolic spaces of the past, the author shows how they inevitably affect the process of building an image, creating the system of representation. In this sense, both “city” and “text” are presented in the article as concepts, semantic fields and structures, and not as physical objects. The author comes to the conclusion that there is no so much novelty of the modern processes of symbolic exchange on the Internet, as it is usually declared. Most of the actual space`s features which today are called new are found in other spaces and other times. Polyphony, the visual component, one-to-many and many-to-many message addressing, active use of “ready-made” markers and symbolic “blanks”, the iconic character of the signs used – these features of modern communication in the Internet space seem to be new only in comparison with communication within the framework of the New European text. These features are quite applicable to the ancient city and to the medieval temple.
Conclusion. The author shows a strong similarity of the modern Internet precisely with an ancient city and a medieval temple, while the text of the Modernity differs from them, and that creates the “novelty” of the current situation. This does not diminish interest in modern practices of representation since their specificity does not necessarily have to be built through the position of innovation which was valuable in the culture of the Modernity.
About the Author
M. A. VasilyevaRussian Federation
Marina A. Vasilyeva – Can. Sci. (Philosophy) (2017), Assistant Lecturer at the Department of Philosophy
2 21 line, V. О., St Petersburg 199106
References
1. Dorofeev, D.Yu., Savchuc, V.V. and Svetlov, R.V. (2017), Ikonografiya antichnykh filosofov: istoriya i antropologiya obrazov [Iconography of Ancient Philosophers: History and Anthropology of Images], Platonovskoe filosofskoe obschestvo, SPb., RUS.
2. Manley, B. (2017), Egyptian art (World of art), Thames & Hudson Ltd., London, UK.
3. Bolshakov, A.O. (2009), Ermitazh. Drevnii Egipet [Hermitage. Ancient Egypt], Al'fa-Kolor, SPb., RUS.
4. Surova, E.E. (2010), Identichnost'. Identifikatsiya. Obraz [Identity. Identification. Image], Izdatelstvo SPbGU, SPb., RUS.
5. Shapinskaya, E.N. (2012), Obraz Drugogo v tekstah kul`turi [The image of the Other in cultural texts], URSS, Moscow, RUS.
6. Beard, M. (2020), SPQR. A History of Ancient Rome, Transl. from English, Al`pina non-fikshn, Moscow, RUS.
7. Zotov, S., Maizul's, M. and Kharman, D. (2018), Stradayushchee Srednevekov'e [Suffering Middle Ages], АST, Moscow, RUS.
8. Foucault, M. (2015), Surveiller et punir: naissance de la prison, Transl. from French, Ad Marginem Press, Мoscow, RUS.
9. Foucault, M. (1998), Naissance de la clinique: une archéologie du regard medical, Transl. from French, Smysl, Мoscow, RUS.
10. Surova, E.E. and Vasilyeva M.A. (2014), “Identification Compositions”of the Contemporary Socio-Cultural Reality”, Culture of culture, no. 4, available at: http://cult-cult.ru/identification-compositions-of-the-contemporary-socio-cultural-reality/ (accessed 20.08.2020).
11. Goverdovskaya, M.A (2019), “Social media as a phenomenon of modern society”, Derzhavin Forum, vol. 3, no. 10, pp. 50–55.
12. Litvinskii, V.M. (2020), “From tolerance to alienation in digital format”, Antropologicheskie i argumentatsionnye osnovy mezhkul'turnoi kommunikatsii Anthropological and argumentation foundations of intercultural communication], Knizhnyj dom, SPb., pp. 103–109, RUS.
13. Utilova, N.I. (2019), “Visual picture of the world in the reflection of the modern media”, Journal of Film Arts and Film Studies, vol. 11, no. 1 (39), pp. 110–119. Https://doi.org/10.17816/VGIK111110-119.
14. Assmann, A. (2006), “The Printing Press and the Internet: From a Culture of Memory to a Culture of Attention”, Globalization, Cultural Identities, and Media Representations, in Genz, N. and Kramer, S. (eds.), State Univ. of NY Press, NY, pp. 11–25, USA.
Review
For citations:
Vasilyeva M.A. The Space of an Image Existence. What do the Internet the Ancient City and the Medieval Temple Have in Common? Discourse. 2020;6(5):5-15. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.32603/2412-8562-2020-6-5-5-15