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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">discourse</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Дискурс</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Discourse</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2412-8562</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2658-7777</issn><publisher><publisher-name>СПбГЭТУ «ЛЭТИ»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.32603/2412-8562-2026-12-1-20-31</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">discourse-907</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ФИЛОСОФИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>PHILOSOPHY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>«Рассуждения» больших языковых моделей: оценивание пользователя и метакоммуникация</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>“Reasoning” in Large Language Models:   User Evaluation and Metacommunication</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7956-4647</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Быльева</surname><given-names>Д. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bylieva</surname><given-names>D. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Быльева Дарья Сергеевна – кандидат политических наук (2009), доцент Высшей школы общественных наук</p><p>ул. Политехническая, д. 29, Санкт-Петербург, 195251</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Daria S. Bylieva – Can. Sci. (Policy, 2009), Associate Professor at the Higher School of Social Sciences</p><p>29 Polytechnic str., St Petersburg 195251</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">bylieva_ds@spbstu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Санкт-Петербургский политехнический университет Петра Великого</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>23</day><month>02</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>12</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>20</fpage><lpage>31</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Быльева Д.С., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Быльева Д.С.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Bylieva D.S.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://discourse.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/907">https://discourse.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/907</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Коммуникация с интеллектуальными агентами становится все более распространенной практикой, преследующей разнообразные цели. Если общение с коммуникативными агентами заложили основы социальной практики коммуникации, то диалоги с большими языковыми моделями с обратной связью могут рассматриваться как гносеологическая деятельность. Новый формат общения с большими языковыми моделями привнес в коммуникацию так называемую «цепочку рассуждений», т. е. «мысли» нейросети, предваряющие основной ответ. Фактически же задуманные для поэтапного решения сложных задач «рассуждения» обладают более глубоким потенциалом, который и является предметом данного исследования.</p></sec><sec><title>Методология и источники</title><p>Методология и источники. Эмпирическую часть исследования составляют элементы «размышлений» DeepSeek, полученные в ходе разнообразных запросов. В ходе исследования проанализированы основные тенденции, существующие сегодня в области развития коммуникации с искусственным интеллектом, представлен феноменологический анализ отдельных кейсов.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты и обсуждение</title><p>Результаты и обсуждение. Даже в самих ответах большие языковые модели имеют тенденцию давать эмоционально преувеличенные комплименты текстам пользователей, однако в рассуждениях оценки могут относиться к самим пользователям, становясь более многогранными и не обязательно позитивными. DeepSeek проявляет метакоммуникативные навыки, оценивая причины запроса, коммуникативную ситуацию и особенности состояния и эмоции пользователя. ИИ представляет коммуникативную ситуацию как задачу, которую надо решить: стремится не столько представить верное решение на запрос пользователя, сколько дать правильный выход. Человекомашинное взаимодействие при этом приобретает черты экстернализации внутреннего диалога. Вместо того, чтобы задавать вопросы себе, рефлексируя, человек отправляет их машине, противостоя внешним вызовам. </p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Таким образом, благодаря специфике развития диалоговых систем с ИИ, единение человека и машины приобретает более глубокий характер. При этом человек как бы распространяет собственное «я» на создаваемое нейросетью, приписывая себе авторство. Игнорирование замещения собственной интеллектуальной деятельности искусственной и убеждение человека, что он является самодостаточным субъектом, может интерпретироваться как неосознанная зависимость, в то время как рост метакоммуникативных навыков ИИ означает возрастающий потенциал воздействия на пользователя.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. Communication with intelligent agents is becoming an increasingly common practice that pursues a variety of goals. If communication with communicative agents laid the foundations for the social practice of communication, then dialogues with large language models with feedback can be considered as an epistemological activity. The new format of communication with large language models has introduced the so-called “chain of reasoning” into communication, that is, the “thoughts” of the neural network that precede the main answer. Conceived for the step-by-step solution of complex problems, in fact, “reasoning” has a deeper potential, which is the subject of this study.</p></sec><sec><title>Methodology and sources</title><p>Methodology and sources. The empirical part of the study consists of fragments of DeepSeek’s “reflections” obtained in response to various queries. The study analyzes the main trends that exist today in the field of the development of communication with artificial intelligence, and presents a phenomenological analysis of individual cases.</p></sec><sec><title>Results and discussion</title><p>Results and discussion. Even in their direct responses, large language models tend to offer emotionally exaggerated compliments on user texts, but in their reasoning, assessments may concern to the users themselves, becoming more multifaceted and not necessarily positive. DeepSeek demonstrates metacommunication skills, assessing the reasons for the request, the communicative situation, and the characteristics of the user's state and emotions. AI presents the communicative situation as a problem that needs to be solved: it strives not so much to provide the correct solution to the user's request as to offer an appropriate way out. In this case, human-machine interaction acquires the features of externalization of the internal dialogue. Instead of asking questions of oneself and reflecting, a person directs them to the machine, confronting external challenges.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. Thus, due to the specifics of the development of AI dialogue systems, the unity of humans and machine acquires a deeper character. At the same time, a person, as it were, extends his own “I” to what is created by the neural network, attributing authorship to himself. Ignoring the substitution of one's own intellectual activity with an artificial one, along with a person’s conviction that they are a self-sufficient subject, can be interpreted as an unconscious dependence, while the growth of metacommunicative skills of AI means an increasing potential for influencing the user. </p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>искусственный интеллект</kwd><kwd>большие языковые модели</kwd><kwd>DeepSeek</kwd><kwd>«цепочки рассуждений»</kwd><kwd>внутренняя речь</kwd><kwd>авторство ИИ</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>artificial Intelligence</kwd><kwd>large language models</kwd><kwd>DeepSeek</kwd><kwd>“chains of reasoning”</kwd><kwd>inner speech</kwd><kwd>AI authorship</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Кекельберг М. 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