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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">discourse</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Дискурс</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Discourse</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2412-8562</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2658-7777</issn><publisher><publisher-name>СПбГЭТУ «ЛЭТИ»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.32603/2412-8562-2025-11-4-48-60</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">discourse-818</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>СОЦИОЛОГИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>SOCIOLOGY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Кто они – герои нашего времени?</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Who are They are the Heroes of Our Time?</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8481-2123</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Желизнык</surname><given-names>М. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zheliznyk</surname><given-names>M. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Желизнык Мария Николаевна – аспирантка факультета социологии; руководитель лаборатории исследования социокультурной активности молодежи</p><p>ул. Смольного, д. 1/3, Санкт-Петербург, 191124</p><p>ул. 7-я Красноармейская, д. 25/14, Санкт-Петербург, 190005</p><p>Автор 10 научных публикаций.</p><p>Сфера интересов: социология культуры, социология молодежи, методика и методология социологических исследований. </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Maria N. Zheliznyk – Postgraduate of the Faculty of Sociology; Head of the Laboratory of Issue of the Sociocultural Activity of the Youth</p><p> 1/3 Smolny str., St Petersburg 191124</p><p> 25/14 7th Krasnoarmeiskaya str., St Petersburg 190005</p><p>The author of 10 scientific publications. </p><p>Area of expertise: the sociology of culture, the sociology of youth, the methodology and methodology of sociological research. </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">marzhel@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Санкт-Петербургский государственный университет; Институт социологии РАН – филиал ФНИСЦ РАН<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Saint Petersburg State University; Sociological Institute of the RAS – FCTAS RAS<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>24</day><month>09</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>11</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>48</fpage><lpage>60</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Желизнык М.Н., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Желизнык М.Н.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Zheliznyk M.N.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://discourse.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/818">https://discourse.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/818</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. На основе проведенного в 2023 г. поискового эмпирического исследования, в котором приняло участие более 10 тыс. школьников 9–11-х классов Ленинградской обл., автор приводит черты героев нашего времени, а также типологию героев, выработанную посредством типологического анализа. Использование метода неоконченных предложений позволило получить спонтанные, нерефлексируемые ответы респондентов, которые отражают их представления о социальном феномене «герой нашего времени».</p></sec><sec><title>Методология и источники</title><p>Методология и источники. В статье систематизированы научные подходы к изучению феномена героев и героизма, представлено теоретическое исследование по проблематизации понятия «герой». Анализируются работы социологов и психологов: Б. Гизена, Т. Шлехтримена, С. Хука, С. Эллисон, Дж. Готелс, З. Е. Франко, К. Блау, Ф. Зимбардо, Е. Л. Кинселлы, Т. Д. Ричи, Е. Р. Игоу, Е. Джаявикреме, Р. Ди Стефано и О. Гольца, выделены категории, через которые исследуется герой/представления о героях.</p></sec><sec><title> Результаты и обсуждение</title><p> Результаты и обсуждение. Показана дескриптивная модель «герой нашего времени», разработанная на основе проведенного исследования посредством укрупнения и обобщения полученных ответов. Модель включает в себя ценностный, когнитивный и поведенческий аспекты, характерные для героя нашего времени. Приведены типы героев, выделенные на основе результатов исследования.</p></sec><sec><title> Заключение</title><p> Заключение. Приведены наиболее распространенные типы героев в представлениях школьников: «герой-альтруист», «обыкновенный герой», «герой достигающий», «герой-патриот» и «герой-лидер». Показан прикладной аспект разработанной дескриптивной модели.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. Based on a pilot empirical study conducted in 2023 in which more than 10 thousand 9th–11th grade schoolchildren from the Leningrad Region participated, the author cites the characteristics of the heroes of our time, as well as the typology of heroes developed through typological analysis. Using the method of incomplete sentences allowed us to obtain spontaneous, non-reflexive responses from respondents that reflect their ideas about the social phenomenon ”hero of our time”.</p></sec><sec><title> Methodology and sources</title><p> Methodology and sources. The article systematizes scientific approaches to the study of the phenomenon of heroes and heroism, presents a theoretical study of the problematization of the concept of “hero”. The works of the following sociologists and psychologists are analyzed: B. Giesen, T. Schlechtriemen, S. Hook, S.T. Allison, G.R. Goethals, Z.E. Franco, K. Blau,  F. Zimbardo, E.L. Kinsella, T.D. Ritchie, E.R. Igou, E. Jayawickreme, P. Di Stefano and O. Golz, and the categories through which the hero or ideas about heroes are researched.</p></sec><sec><title>Results and discussion</title><p>Results and discussion. The descriptive model “hero of our time” is presented in the article. This model was developed on the basis of the conducted research by means of aggregation and generalization of the answers received. The model includes value, cognitive, and behavioral aspects characteristic of a hero of our time. The types of heroes identified based on the results of the research are given.</p></sec><sec><title> Conclusion</title><p> Conclusion. The most common types of heroes in the representations of schoolchildren are presented: “altruistic hero”, “ordinary hero”, “achieving hero”, “patriot hero” and “leader hero”. The applied aspect of the developed descriptive model is shown.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>герой</kwd><kwd>образ</kwd><kwd>исследование героизма</kwd><kwd>дескриптивная модель</kwd><kwd>ценностные  ориентации</kwd><kwd>школьники</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>hero</kwd><kwd>image</kwd><kwd>research of heroism</kwd><kwd>descriptive model</kwd><kwd>value orientations</kwd><kwd>youth</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Efthimiou O., Allison S. T. Heroism science: Frameworks for an emerging field // J. of Humanistic Psychology. 2018. Vol. 58, iss. 5. P. 556–570. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/0022167817708063.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Efthimiou, O. and Allison, S.T. (2018), “Heroism science: Frameworks for an emerging field”, J. of Humanistic Psychology, vol. 58, iss. 5, pp. 556–570. 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