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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">discourse</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Дискурс</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Discourse</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2412-8562</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2658-7777</issn><publisher><publisher-name>СПбГЭТУ «ЛЭТИ»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.32603/2412-8562-2024-10-5-31-42</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">discourse-721</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ФИЛОСОФИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>PHILOSOPHY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Миросистемные предпосылки террористических угроз: к вопросу о методологии исследования вооруженных конфликтов на постсоветском пространстве</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>World-Systems Ground of Terrorist Threats: on the Issue of Methodology for Studying Armed Conflicts in the Post-Soviet Space</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4068-8340</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лукьянов</surname><given-names>Н. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Lukyanov</surname><given-names>N. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Николай Евгеньевич Лукьянов, младший научный сотрудник</p><p>Автор более 32 научных публикаций. Сфера научных интересов: социальная философия, право социального обеспечения, международное частное право, противодействие терроризму, национальная безопасность</p><p>630090; ул. Николаева, д. 8; Новосибирск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Nikolai E. Lukyanov, Junior Researcher</p><p>Author of more than 32 scientific publications. Area of expertise: social philosophy, social security law, private international law, countering terrorism, national security</p><p>630090; 8 Nikolaeva str.; Novosibirsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">nikolaylukyanov70@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9313-0805</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Изгарская</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Izgarskaya</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Анна Анатольевна Изгарская, доктор философских наук (2015), ведущий научный сотрудник</p><p>Автор 100 научных публикаций. Сфера научных интересов: социальная философия, политическая философия, миросистемный подход, геополитика, философия образования</p><p>630090; ул. Николаева, д. 8; Новосибирск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Anna A. Izgarskaya, Dr. Sci. (Philosophy, 2015), Leading Researcher</p><p>The author of 100 scientific publications. Area of expertise: social philosophy, political philosophy, world-system approach, geopolitics, philosophy of education</p><p>630090; 8 Nikolaeva str.; Novosibirsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">aizgarskaya@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Институт философии и права СО РАН<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Institute of Philosophy and Law of the Siberian Branch of the RAS<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>17</day><month>11</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>10</volume><issue>5</issue><fpage>31</fpage><lpage>42</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Лукьянов Н.Е., Изгарская А.А., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Лукьянов Н.Е., Изгарская А.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Lukyanov N.E., Izgarskaya A.A.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://discourse.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/721">https://discourse.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/721</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>   Введение</title><p>   Введение. Цель статьи – систематизация миросистемных предпосылок террористических угроз, уточнение места терроризма внутри теоретических конструкций движения капитала в миросистеме и вызревания противоречий в цикле ее функционирования.</p><p>   Методология и источники. Используя предложенный Т. К. Хопкинсом метод «движение фигура-фон», авторы рассматривают миросистему в качестве фона для исследования терроризма. Переключение фокуса восприятия позволяет отчетливо видеть связи терроризма с миросистемой. Помимо миросистемного подхода в качестве теоретических оснований использована геополитическая концепция Р. Коллинза и концепция развития террористических организаций М. Креншоу.</p><p>   Результаты и обсуждения. Для выявления связей терроризма с противоречиями миросистемы выполнен ряд перефокусировок. В результате было показано, что гегемон и государства ядра добиваются успеха, поддерживая «цивилизованный» порядок в миросистеме, декларируя ценности центристского либерализма, но потребность в защите своих интересов часто вынуждает их использовать менее дорогое и эффективное, но нелегитимное средство – террор. Просистемные элиты периферий могут использовать террор в борьбе за власть с целью последующего подключения к сетям кумулятивных векторов ядра. Ряд предпосылок обнаружен при смещении фокуса с терроризма на движение капитала в миросистемном цикле. Движение капитала из ядра на периферию сопровождается увеличением социального неравенства и ростом национальных и этнических различий, способных питать сепаратистские идеологии терроризма. Отток капитала из экономик неядерных областей повышает возможности политической силы, бросившей гегемону и государствам ядра вызов, мобилизуя население под антисистемными лозунгами, способными питать международный терроризм. Полученные теоретические конструкции позволили кратко описать предпосылки террористической активности на территории СССР и постсоветском пространстве.</p></sec><sec><title>   Заключение</title><p>   Заключение. Авторы подчеркивают, что полученные теоретические выводы нуждаются в дополнительной верификации. Следующим шагом в исследовании причин терроризма должен стать анализ механизмов формирования террористических организаций на основе конкретных случаев.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>   Introduction</title><p>   Introduction. The purpose of the article is to systematize the world-system prerequisites for terrorist threats, to show the place of terrorism within the theoretical structures of the movement of capital in the world-system and the maturation of contradictions in the functioning of its cycle.</p><p>   Methodology and sources. The authors use the “Figure-ground movement” method proposed by T. K. Hopkins and consider the world-system as a background for the study of terrorism. Refocusing perception makes it possible to more clearly see the connections between terrorism and the world-system. The geopolitical concept of R. Collins and M. Crenshaw’s concept of the development of terrorist organizations are used as theoretical foundations in addition to the world-system approach.</p><p>   Results and discussion. A series of successive refocuses were carried out to identify the connections between terrorism and the contradictions of the capitalist world-system. As a result, it was shown that the hegemon and the core states achieve success by maintaining a «civilized» order in the world-system by declaring the values of centrist liberalism. However, it must be recognized that states often use less expensive than the introduction of regular troops, but illegitimate means of terror to protect their interests. Terror can be used in the struggle for power when core states include their economies in a network of cumulative vectors. A number of prerequisites were discovered after a refocus from terrorism to the movement of capital in the world-system cycle. The movement of capital from the core to the periphery increases social inequality and causes the growth of national and ethnic differences that can feed separatist ideologies of terrorism. The outflow of capital from the economies of non-core areas increases the ability of the political force that has challenged the hegemon and the core states to mobilize the population under anti-system slogans that can fuel international terrorism. Based on the obtained theoretical models, the prerequisites for terrorist activity on the territory of the USSR and in the post-Soviet space were briefly described.</p></sec><sec><title>   Conclusion</title><p>   Conclusion. The authors emphasize that the resulting theoretical models require additional verification. The next stage in the study of the causes of terrorism should be an analysis of the mechanisms of formation of terrorist organizations based on specific cases.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>миросистема</kwd><kwd>терроризм</kwd><kwd>метод «движение фигура-фон»</kwd><kwd>геополитическая теория</kwd><kwd>идеологические сети</kwd><kwd>кумулятивный вектор</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>world-system</kwd><kwd>terrorism</kwd><kwd>“figure-ground movement” method</kwd><kwd>geopolitical theory</kwd><kwd>ideological networks</kwd><kwd>cumulative vector</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Валлерстайн И. Миросистемный анализ: введение / пер. с англ. Н. Тюкиной. М.: Территория будущего, 2006.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Wallerstein, I. 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