discourseДискурсDiscourse2412-85622658-7777СПбГЭТУ «ЛЭТИ»10.32603/2412-8562-2021-7-2-56-80discourse-392Research ArticleСОЦИОЛОГИЯSOCIOLOGY«Моя дочь не такая»: качественное исследование родительского восприятия риска сексуального насилия над детьми“My Daughter is not like That”: A Qualitative Study of Parental Perception on Child Sexual Abuse RiskЭэльмаС.EelmaaS.

Симоне Ээльма – магистр в области международного права и защиты прав человека (2018), докторант (социология) Института социальных наук

ул. Лосси, д. 36, 51010

Simone Eelmaa – Master (International law and human rights) (2018), Doctoral student (Sociology) at the Institute of Social Studies

36 Lossi, Tartu 51010

simone.eelmaa@ut.eeТартуский университетUniversity of Tartu202128042021725680Copyright © Ээльма С., 20212021Ээльма С.Eelmaa S.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://discourse.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/392Введение

Введение. Родительские меры по предотвращению сексуального насилия над детьми чрезвычайно важны для обеспечения более эффективной защиты детей. Однако основными составляющими превентивных мер со стороны родителей являются информированность и убеждения родителей. Предыдущие исследования показали, что родители склонны считать риск сексуального насилия в отношении своих детей низким, что, в свою очередь, влияет на меры по предотвращению сексуального насилия над детьми. Цель настоящего исследования состоит в изучении родительских убеждений по поводу риска сексуального насилия над детьми, и в особенности связанного с преступником и жертвой риска сексуального насилия в отношении их детей, а также подходов родителей к обеспечению безопасности детей.

Методология и ресурсы

Методология и ресурсы. Данные были получены от 22 родителей в ходе интервью фокус-групп (n=6) с применением практических заданий.

Результаты и обсуждение

Результаты и обсуждение. На основании полученных данных были созданы четыре профиля риска, связанного с преступником, и два профиля риска, связанного с жертвой. Когда родители обнаруживают у своих детей общие характеристики с преступниками или жертвами, это провоцирует эффект защитного отчуждения, который играет роль подсознательного защитного механизма, но часто приводит к неправильной оценке риска и ложной уверенности.  Полученные наблюдения также указывают на то, что родители не обучают своих детей навыкам, связанным с риском сексуального насилия, потому что определяют этот риск как низкий. 

Заключение

Заключение. Настоящее исследование углубляет наше понимание восприятия риска в связи с сексуальным насилием над детьми и подхода к его предотвращению, предоставляя понятийное дополнение к теории защитной атрибуции. Требуется дальнейшее исследование влияния когнитивных процессов и механизмов психологической защиты на оценку риска сексуального насилия над детьми. Данные настоящего исследования будут использованы в материалах и программах по предотвращению сексуального насилия над детьми.

Introduction

Introduction. Parental prevention efforts on child sexual abuse (CSA) are paramount for children to have better protection. However, parental awareness and beliefs are essential constituents influencing parental prevention efforts. Previous studies have revealed that parents tend to judge child sexual abuse as a low risk to their children, which in turn impacts CSA prevention activities. The aim of this study was to explore parental beliefs on the risk of CSA, specifically victim- and perpetrator-specific risk of child sexual abuse to their children, as well as parents’ approaches to protecting their children.

Methodology and sources

Methodology and sources. Data were collected from 22 parents during focus group interviews (n=6) combined with activity-oriented questions.

Results and discussion

Results and discussion. Based on data, four perpetrator and two victim-specific risk profiles were created. When parents find similarities between their children and perceived victims or perpetrators, it triggers the defensive othering effect, which acts as a subconscious protection mechanism, yet often creates inaccurate risk assessment and false confidence. The findings also tender that most parents do not teach their children the necessary skills related to CSA since they determine the risk to be low.

Conclusion

Conclusion. This study adds to our understanding of CSA-related risk perception and prevention approaches, offering a conceptual addition to the defensive attribution theory. Further investigation is needed on the impacts of the cognitive processes and psychological protection mechanisms in relation to CSA risk assessment. The data from this study will be useful in developing CSA prevention programs and materials.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.